Battery Management System (BMS) for Electric Bike Lithium Batteries
Introduction
The battery management system (BMS) for electric bike lithium batteries is composed of hardware and software components.
Hardware
The hardware mainly includes:
- Data acquisition module: Responsible for collecting data such as battery voltage, current, and temperature.
- Control module: Responsible for analyzing and processing the collected data, and controlling the battery’s charging and discharging based on the analysis results.
- Drive module: Responsible for controlling the battery’s charging and discharging circuit.
- Protection module: Responsible for protecting the battery from faults such as overcharge, overdischarge, overcurrent, and overtemperature.
Software
The software mainly includes:
- Battery management software: Responsible for managing the battery, including charging and discharging control, status monitoring, and fault alarm.
- Communication software: Responsible for communication between the BMS and other systems.
Working Principle
The BMS works by monitoring the battery’s voltage, current, and temperature in real time, and controlling the battery’s charging and discharging based on the monitoring results to protect the battery’s safety and extend its service life.
Specifically, the BMS workflow is as follows:
- The data acquisition module collects battery voltage, current, and temperature data.
- The control module analyzes and processes the collected data.
- Based on the analysis results, the control module sends instructions to the drive module.
- The drive module controls the battery’s charging and discharging circuit.
- The protection module protects the battery.
The Importance of BMS
The BMS plays a crucial role in electric bike lithium batteries, effectively protecting battery safety and extending battery life. Therefore, when choosing an electric bike, it is important to choose a model equipped with a BMS.
Advanced BMS vs. Common BMS
Advanced BMS differs from common BMS in the following aspects:
- More Powerful Functions: Advanced BMS can provide more functions, such as:
- Battery balancing: Balances the voltage of each battery cell to improve overall battery performance and lifespan.
- Battery state estimation: Real-time estimation of battery state, such as remaining capacity and health status.
- Fault diagnosis: Diagnoses battery faults and provides alarm information.
- Data logging: Records battery historical data for easy analysis and maintenance.
- Better Performance: Advanced BMS utilizes more advanced hardware and software, offering higher precision, faster speed, and stronger reliability.
- Enhanced Safety: Advanced BMS features more comprehensive protection functions, better protecting battery safety.
Advantages of Advanced BMS
Specifically, advanced BMS offers advantages in the following areas:
- Battery balancing: Advanced BMS can balance the voltage of battery cells using active or passive balancing methods. Active balancing uses electronic switches to transfer charge from high-voltage battery cells to low-voltage battery cells, while passive balancing uses resistors or other components to achieve voltage balancing between battery cells.
- Battery state estimation: Advanced BMS can utilize Kalman filters, particle filters, and other methods to estimate battery state. These methods estimate battery remaining capacity, health status, and other parameters based on battery voltage, current, temperature, and other data.
- Fault diagnosis: Advanced BMS employs various methods to diagnose battery faults, such as open circuits, short circuits, overcharge, and overdischarge. These methods determine whether a battery fault has occurred based on battery voltage, current, temperature, and other data.
- Data logging: Advanced BMS records battery historical data, including voltage, current, temperature, remaining capacity, and other parameters. This data can be used to analyze battery performance and health status, and provide a basis for battery maintenance.
Applications of Advanced BMS
Overall, advanced BMS can better protect battery safety, extend battery life, and improve battery performance. Therefore, when choosing an electric bike or other lithium battery application, it is recommended to choose a model equipped with an advanced BMS.
Examples of Advanced BMS Applications:
- Electric bikes: Advanced BMS can enhance the range, safety, and comfort of electric bikes.
- Electric vehicles: Advanced BMS can improve the range, safety, and reliability of electric vehicles.
- Energy storage systems: Advanced BMS can enhance the efficiency, safety, and lifespan of energy storage systems.
- Portable electronic devices: Advanced BMS can extend the runtime, safety, and performance of portable electronic devices.
Conclusion
As technology advances, advanced BMS will find wider applications.
Sales Manager at Jieli Electric Bikes.
Near 10 years experience in electric bike industry, researching/marketing/promoting e-bike is my daily life.
